Primary control rests with the operator and the State, through nuclear regulators, materials accounting, physical protection, and licences. At the international level, the IAEA verifies through safeguards that declared nuclear material is not diverted towards military uses; within the European Union, the Euratom system also operates. Control is not entrusted to a single actor, but to a chain of responsibilities.
All FAQ
67.
Who really controls nuclear material?
Operators, national authorities, and international bodies.
